Virology: Principles and Applications

摘要: Preface. Abbreviations used in this book. Greek letters Colour coding for molecules. 1 Viruses and their importance. 1.1 are ubiquitous on Earth. 1.2 Reasons studying viruses. 1.3 The nature of 1.4 remainder the 2 Methods virology. 2.1 Introduction to methods 2.2 Cultivation 2.3 Isolation 2.4 Centrifugation. 2.5 Structural investigations cells virions. 2.6 Electrophoretic techniques. 2.7 Detection viruses virus components. 2.8 Infectivity assays. 2.9 Virus genetics. 3 structure. 3.1 3.2 genomes. 3.3 proteins. 3.4 Capsids. 3.5 Virion membranes. 3.6 Occlusion bodies. 3.7 Other virion 4 transmission. 4.1 4.2 Transmission plant 4.3 vertebrate 4.4 invertebrate 4.5 Permissive cells. 5 Attachment entry into 5.1 Overview replication. 5.2 Animal 5.3 Bacteriophages. 6 Transcription, translation transport. 6.1 transcription, 6.2 Transcription 6.3 eukaryotes. 6.4 Translation 6.5 Transport eukaryotic 6.6 bacteria. 7 genome 7.1 7.2 Locations replication 7.3 Initiation 7.4 Polymerases. 7.5 DNA 7.6 Double-stranded RNA 7.7 Single-stranded 7.8 Reverse transcription. 8 Assembly exit virions from 8.1 assembly 8.2 Nucleocapsid assembly. 8.3 Formation 8.4 infected cell. 9 Outcomes infection host. 9.1 outcomes 9.2 Factors affecting infection. 9.3 Non-productive infections. 9.4 Productive 10 Classification nomenclature 10.1 History classification nomenclature. 10.2 Modern 10.3 Baltimore 11 Herpesviruses (and other dsDNA viruses). 11.1 herpesviruses. 11.2 human 11.3 herpesvirus virion. 11.4 HSV-1 organization. 11.5 11.6 Latent 11.7 12 Parvoviruses ssDNA 12.1 parvoviruses. 12.2 Examples 12.3 Parvovirus 12.4 12.5 13 Reoviruses dsRNA 13.1 reoviruses. 13.2 Rotavirus 13.3 13.4 14 Picornaviruses plus-strand 14.1 picornaviruses. 14.2 Some important 14.3 picornavirus 14.4 Picornavirus 14.5 recombination. 14.6 experimental systems 14.7 15 Rhabdoviruses minus-strand 15.1 rhabdoviruses. 15.2 15.3 rhabdovirus 15.4 Rhabdovirus 15.5 15.6 with ambisense 15.7 16 Retroviruses. 16.1 retroviruses. 16.2 Retrovirus 16.3 16.4 16.5 Retroviruses as gene vectors. 16.6 Endogenous 17 Human immunodeficiency 17.1 HIV. 17.2 HIV 17.3 genome. 17.4 HIV-1 17.5 variability. 17.6 Progression 17.7 Prevention 18 Hepadnaviruses reverse-transcribing 18.1 hepadnaviruses. 18.2 Importance HBV. 18.3 HBV 18.4 Non-infectious particles. 18.5 Soluble protein. 18.6 18.7 genetic groups. 18.8 cycle. 18.9 treatment 18.10 19 Bacterial 19.1 bacterial (bacteriophages. PHAGES. 19.2 phages. 19.3 19.4 19.5 20 Origins evolution 21.1 origins 20.2 20.3 Evolution 21 Emerging emerging 21.2 new host species 21.3 areas 21.4 21.5 New 21.6 Recently discovered 21.7 Re-emerging 21.8 surveillance 21.9 Dealing outbreaks 22 cancer 22.1 22.2 Papillomavirus-linked cancers 22.3 Polyomavirus-linked 22.4 Epstein-Barr virus-linked 22.5 Kaposi's sarcoma 22.6 Adult T cell leukaemia 22.7 Hepatocellular carcinoma 22.8 Virus-associated animals 22.9 Cell lines derived virus-associated cancers. 22.10 How do cause cancer? 22.11 virus-induced 23 Survival infectivity. 23.1 Preservation 23.2 Destruction 23.3 Inactivation targets 23.4 kinetics. 23.5 Agents that inactivate 24 vaccines. 24.1 24.2 Live attenuated 24.3 Inactivated 24.4 subunit 24.5 recombinant 24.6 Mass production 24.7 Virus-like 24.8 Synthetic peptide 24.9 24.10 Storage transport 25 Anti-viral drugs. 25.1 anti-viral 25.2 Development 25.3 25.4 Drug resistance. 25.5 drug research. 26 Prions. 26.1 prions. 26.2 Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies. 26.3 26.4 Prion diseases. 26.5 strains. 26.6 26.7 protein-only hypothesis. Learning outcomes. Sources further information. Virologists' vocabulary. Index.