Pastoral and woodcutting activities driveCedrus atlanticaMediterranean forest structure in the Moroccan Middle Atlas

摘要: Human activities are historical ecological drivers, and we need to better understand their effects on ecosystems. In particular, they have been very important in the shaping of Mediterranean biodiversity hotspot. Researchers managers nonetheless lack knowledge concerning impacts combinations current intensity structure forest ecosystems southern part basin. this study, develped a new methodology order combined pastoral woodcutting still ill-described but ecologically economically Moroccan Middle Atlas cedar forests. 40 000 ha forest, chose 103 sites sampled human through proxies structures circumference vertical structures. A typology yielded four activity types: dominant activities, oak cutting or an intermediate mid-disturbance type. This did not depend altitude substrate, confirming that ecosystem linked different types more than main environmental parameters. Pastoral modified forests most, converting them parklands with reduced canopies low dynamics high tree maturation. Woodcutting induced gap dynamics, favoring Cedrus atlantica favorable conditions Quercus ilex otherwise, while affected depending local environment competition for light soil resources. Moderately disturbed stands showed maturation light. Unlike previous studies, found no evidence general degradation due activities. However, logging has standing basal area regionally one third may vulnerable populations unfavorable conditions. These results can direct future research management needs protection biodiversity, although be effective such efforts must also partner sociogeographical studies.