Baseline Mortality Analysis Reveals Legacy of Contrasting Land Use Practices on the Structural Sustainability of Endangered Moroccan and Spanish Mountain Forests

摘要: Disturbances can affect forest health and are important modulating factors of tree responses to environmental changes. However, standard methods needed assess elucidate the relative effects disturbance legacies on among species. Here, structural sustainability was used evaluate compare impacts contrasting disturbances Quercus ilex, Cedrus atlantica, Abies pinsapo stands in Morocco Spain. Disturbance were related type, severity, land-use history, showed inter-regional variability. atlantica structurally sustainable its core distribution Morocco, but not at southern northernmost geographical range limits. ilex Morocco. optimal elevation sites (Rif Mts.), considering whole A. dataset including Spain, species is unsustainable due excessive mortality. lower plots unsustainability insufficient Although some forests sustainable, none them deemed healthy because met their management objectives. Results also support key role regimes as drivers adaptive capacity.