Toxicological effects of microcystin-LR on earthworm ( Eisenia fetida ) in soil

摘要: Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a cyclic heptapeptide toxin produced by cyanobacteria in eutrophic water. It can be transferred into soil–crop systems via irrigation and cyanobacterial paste fertilization. No studies have examined the potential toxicity of MC-LR to soil animals. Therefore, present study, toxicological effects on earthworm (Eisenia fetida), including survival, growth, reproduction, oxidative stress, cell viability, were investigated. The LC50 was 0.149 μg cm−2 at 72 h based filter paper test 0.460 mg kg−1 14 days an acute test. seriously affected reproduction earthworms. Based hatchability, EC50 0.268 mg kg−1, similar environmentally relevant concentrations microcystins. changes activities superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, glutathione together with levels malondialdehyde, indicated that damage lipid peroxidation played significant roles toxicity. In addition, earthworms increased despite degradation over time, possibly due formation toxic metabolites or bioaccumulation A reduction neutral red retention time along increase coelomocyte apoptosis increasing severe viability. These results suggest agricultural may cause reproductive, biochemical, cellular Eisenia fetida. This information used ecological risk assessments soil.