Land reforms reflected in the farming landscape in East Bohemia and in Southern Sweden – Two faces of modernisation

摘要: Abstract The issue of monitoring landscape changes at the national scale has recently been investigated by a number authors. However, there is lack any comparative analyses that examines similarities and differences between different landscapes, why these might exist. aim this paper to analyze development intensively utilized agricultural landscapes in Czech Republic Sweden, two countries with political history, where land reforms have particularly effective. This presents case studies, both which are located on old cultural landscapes; Honbice (244 ha) East Bohemia Lilla Uppakra (321 ha) Southern Sweden. Three critical sources data analysis were employed study evaluate parameters: maps (from 1703, 1815, 1839), aerial photographs 1936, 1939, 1950, 1966, 2003 2004), together field mapping landscape. In study, arable main subject research, as it decisive segment reflects progress reform. following quantitative characteristics monitored: Area ( P ) hectares or percentage categories, Relative frequency elements (fragmentation) No ha −1 , Average size hectares. greatest challenge use combination types materials, e.g. Stable Cadastre (large cadastral whose accuracy can only be assumptive) current historical (medium scale, showing real state landscape). results show differing socioeconomic systems modern times resulted similar patterns use, although timed differently. driving forces behind socio-economic geo-political conditions obviously reported different. For example, Sweden economic mainly underlain changes, whereas late 1940s 1980s principally resulting significant impact upon physical characteristic large-scale Soviet-type system farming was introduced many parts country an agriculturally-based model Russian kolkhozes. may help us understand long-term evolution context locations Europe. From methodological point view, useful for other applied disciplines, geography, land-use planning.