Bioaugmentation Mitigates the Impact of Estrogen on Coliform-Grazing Protozoa in Slow Sand Filters

摘要: Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), such as estrogens, is a growing issue for human and animal health they have been shown cause reproductive developmental abnormalities in wildlife plants linked male infertility disorders humans. Intensive farming weather events, storms, flash flooding, landslides, contribute estrogen waterways used supply drinking water. This paper explores the impact of exposure on performance slow sand filters (SSFs) water treatment. The feasibility efficacy SSF bioaugmentation with estrogen-degrading bacteria was also investigated, determine whether removal natural estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol) overall treatment could be improved. Strains augmentation were isolated from full-scale, municipal SSFs so optimize survival laboratory-scale used. Concentrations determined by gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS), revealed augmented reduced estrogenic potency supplied 25% average removed significantly more estrone estradiol than nonaugmented filters. A negative correlation found between coliform concentration due toxic inhibition protozoa, indicating that high concentrations can functional implications (such impairing removal). Consequently, we suggest quality production and, particular, pathogen biological