Persistent Spillback of Bovine Tuberculosis From White-Tailed Deer to Cattle in Michigan, USA: Status, Strategies, and Needs.

摘要: Free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are believed to be a self-sustaining reservoir for bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in northeastern Lower Michigan, USA. Though comprehensive control program is place and on-farm mitigation strategies curtail bTB transmission between cattle have been implemented over decade, continue become infected with the disease. Continual detections of region mounting concern state federal agricultural agencies, producers, wildlife managers. Current efforts include fencing refined feeding watering practices. Liberal removal antlerless through hunter harvest disease permits issued producers agency sharp shooters also ongoing. Although these merit reduce prevalence occurrence positive farms elevated, additional actions needed. Heightened management combat could vaccination programs, strategic habitat manipulations redistribute from farms, precision proximity high-risk farms. Foundational research address development delivery vaccine free-ranging complete. Strategic manipulation disperse local concentrations while better meeting wildlife, forestry goals. The responses populations targeted individuals generally understood there potential activity around operations they persist nearby natural on foods. We summarize history progress date, discuss realized novel strategies, suggest options rid Michigan bTB.