作者: Annemarie M Wensing , Charles A Boucher
DOI:
关键词: Antiretroviral therapy 、 Public health 、 Transmission (medicine) 、 Intensive care medicine 、 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 、 Medicine 、 Chronic condition 、 Incidence (epidemiology) 、 Immunology 、 Virus 、 Drug resistance
摘要: The availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), that suppresses replication the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), has dramatically improved prognosis HIV-infected patients. In populations with access to HAART, course infection changed from an inevitably fatal disease, characterized by a high incidence opportunistic infections, into potentially-treatable chronic condition. Unfortunately, HAART does not durably suppress HIV in 20-50% treatment-naive patients and up 50-70% treatment-experienced majority viral rebound, drug-resistance-related mutations are detected. New infections through transmission drug-resistant strains individuals who have never been exposed now being increasingly reported, despite all prevention efforts. Moreover, recent reports correlate new suboptimal response, which raises major public health concerns. Despite large number publications on rate primary resistance, it is very difficult draw general conclusions. variation methodology interpretation illustrates need for systematic approaches. Global surveillance urgently warranted monitor circulating HIV-strains. addition, follow-up research be performed reveal impact drug resistance future options. This paper reviews current literature elucidate mechanisms, implications magnitude HIV-1.