Competitive Federalism and the Cost of Environmental Regulation

摘要: This study assesses the effect of interstate policy competition on incidence environmental pollution abatement costs. Pooled cross-sectional time-series analysis state regulation is used to assess determinants public and private expenditures. The results suggest that behavior systematically affected by its potential competitors. States respond increases in industrial compliance costs relative those other states two ways. First, they significantly reduce their own Second, “socialize costs” increasing expenditures protection. These findings thus provide empirical evidence for regulation.