Epidemiology of periodontal disease among older adults: a review.

摘要: Although many epidemiological studies have been conducted concerning periodontal disease, the majority were not included in this review because of deficiencies measures used. it is increasingly common for field to measure disease using clinical attachment level, loss or bone loss, evidence pertaining prevalence, incidence and risk older adult populations limited. best indicator date, characterizing by means has some limitations. Prevalence rates may vary according number teeth sites probed bias case misclassification occur healthy survivor effect. Moreover, prevalence data that document lifetime experience are little use planning treatment needs. Problems with sampling subject selection idiosyncratic ways reporting also limit quality currently available. In order standardize collection on as accurately possible, Papapanou (63) recommends full-mouth examinations assessment level at four each remaining tooth. Given inconsistencies problems methods used reviewed above, only broad conclusions can be drawn adults. These confirm reached other reviews literature. While moderate levels found a high percentage middle-aged elderly subjects, severe confined minority, albeit substantial one. Severe evident few and, general, affects small proportion examined. Nevertheless, approximately one-fifth individuals experienced more generalized loss; rate much higher oldest subjects from minority groups. universal, population subgroups. Studies approaches needed fully elucidate extent which varies across different populations. Similar measuring loss. show accounted most advanced suggest 50-75% adults additional 2 3 mm minimum one site over relatively short periods time. Rates fall dramatically when stringent definitions examined so that, although high, severity low. More detailed analyses data, few, indicate new lesions than progressing lesions, pattern tends support an episodic model progression.