Evaluation of Serogroup A Meningococcal Vaccines in Africa: A Demonstration Project

摘要: Endemic and epidemic meningococcal disease constitutes a major public-health problem in African countries of the 'meningitis belt' where incidence rates are many-fold higher (up to 25 cases per 100,000 population) than those industrialized countries, epidemics occur with as high 1,000 people. Using precedent established during licensing conjugate vaccines against Haemophilus influenzae type b serogroup C meningococci components currently-licensed polysaccharide vaccines, new will likely be licensed using immunological endpoints surrogates for clinical protection. Post-licensure evaluation vaccine effectiveness will, therefore, increased importance. One being developed is A (Men A) produced by Meningitis Vaccine Project (MVP), partnership between World Health Organization Program Applied Technology Health. This first introduced on large scale Africa. paper summarizes general steps required development, reviews use immunogenicity criteria strategy discusses plans evaluating impact Impact this measured vaccine-demonstration project that primarily measure vaccine. Other studies include evaluations safety, coverage, carriage herd immunity, prevention-effectiveness studies.