Structural Organization of the Multiple Tgf- ßGenes

摘要: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-s), a peptide first identified by its ability to cause phenotypic transformation of rodent fibroblasts1,2, and isolated from variety natural sources3-5,. has been shown be general regulator cellular activities in both normal neoplastic cells6-8. Our understanding the chemistry biology TGF-s increased substantially recent years as our comprehension number different cell types physiological processes affected continues expand. Many cells have demonstrated synthesize essentially all specific set receptors for this peptide9-18. is multifunctional molecule, since it can either stimulate or inhibit proliferation, differentiation other critical function; effect that predominates dependent on particular type factors present’9,20 It now well established plays major role an adult physiology such inflammation tissue repair, control hematopoiesis steroidogenesis21-26. Moreover, also controls morphogenesis embryonic development27-30. Studies may play important myogenesis, chondrogenesis, osteogenesis, epithelial adipogenesis, wound healing31-52 In addition these processes, regulates turnover extracellular matrix. instance, stimulates production fibroblasts matrix components, I, III IV procollagen, fibronectin, proteoglycan, proteins53-63. At time, inhibits enzymes catalyzing degradation inhibitors enzymes64-70. . thus fundamental regulatory acting autocrine paracrine mechanisms. As true most polypeptide factors, basic molecular mechanism action at present unknown. spite this, so many varied functions descibed are continuing demonstrated, must considered mediator regulation, one importance positive negative growth. brief review, current structural organization genes will discussed.