Replication landscape of the human genome.

摘要: Despite intense investigation, human replication origins and termini remain elusive. Existing data have shown strong discrepancies. Here we sequenced highly purified Okazaki fragments from two cell types and, for the first time, quantitated fork directionality delineated initiation termination zones genome-wide. Replication initiates stochastically, primarily within non-transcribed, broad (up to 150 kb) that often abut transcribed genes, terminates dispersively between them. progression is significantly co-oriented with transcription. Initiation are frequently contiguous, sometimes separated by regions of unidirectional replication. enriched in open chromatin enhancer marks, even when not flanked border 'topologically associating domains' (TADs). origin recognition complex (ORC)-binding sites better align previously mapped using bubble-trap than λ-exonuclease. This novel panorama reveals how transcription modulate process create cell-type-specific programs.