An impedance method for spatial sensing of 3D cell constructs – towards applications in tissue engineering

摘要: We present the characterisation and validation of multiplexed 4-terminal (4T) impedance measurements as a method for sensing spatial location cell aggregates within large three-dimensional (3D) gelatin scaffolds. The were performed using an array four rectangular chambers, each having eight platinum needle electrodes parallel analysis. electrode positions current injection voltage optimised by means finite element simulations to maximise sensitivity field distribution resolution. Eight different 4T combinations experimentally tested in terms sensitivity. simulated fields validated objects (phantoms) with conductivity size placed inside chamber. This provided detection limit (volume sensitivity) 16.5%, i.e. smallest detectable volume respect measurement Furthermore, possibility quick single frequency analysis was demonstrated finding common 250 kHz all presented combinations. As final proof concept, high density human hepatoblastoma (HepG2) cells encapsulated form artificial 3D constructs detected when Taken together, these results open new perspectives impedance-based technologies non-invasive monitoring tissue engineering applications providing information biologically relevant environments.