The Physics of Coronary Blood Flow

摘要: The Lone Pump. -Heart 'Disease'? . -Origin of Coronary Blood Supply. -Coronary Arteries. -Left/Right Dominance. -Branching Structure. -Underlying Design?. Flow Reserve.- Design Conflict?. -Summary. -Modelling Preliminaries. -Why Modelling?. -The 'Lumped Model' Concept. -Flow in a Tube. -Fluid Viscosity: Resistance to Flow. Inertia: Inductance. -Elasticity the Tube Wall: Capacitance. Wave Propagation. -Mechanical Analogy. -Electrical -Basic Lumped Elements. -Introduction. -RLC System Series. -Free Dynamics RLC -R1,R2 Parallel. -R,L -R,C Parallel Under Constant Pressure. -Forced System. Particular Solution. -Using Complex Exponential Function. -Overdamped Forced Dynamics. -Underdamped -Critically Damped -Transient and Steady States. Concept Reactance. Concepts Impedance, Impedance. Analysis Composite Waveforms. Theory. -Example: Single-Step Waveform. Piecewise -Numerical Formulation. Cardiac -Composite Pressure-Flow Relations. Relations Pure Resistance. Pressure Wave. General Inertial Effects. Capacitance -Lumped Models. -LM0: {R,C}. -LM1: {R1,{R2+C}}. -LM2: {{R1+L},{R2+C}}. -LM3: {{R1+(pb)},{R2+C}}. -Inflow-Outflow. -Elements Unlumped-Model Analysis. Streamwise Space Dimension. -Steady along Segments. Through Bifurcation. -Pulsatile Rigid an Elastic -Wave Reflections. Unlumped Branching Tubes. -Elastic -Effective Admittance. -Cardiac -Dynamic Pathologies. -Magic Norms? Heart Disease, Physical Exercise, Conundrum Reserve. Propagation Bypass. Stent. -Sudden Death. -Broken Syndrome. -References. -Index.