Regionalización biogeográfica de la mastofauna de los bosques tropicales perennifolios de Mesoamérica

摘要: Mesoamerica is a biologically complex zone that expands from Southern Mexico to extreme Northern Colombia. The biogeographical patterns and relationships of the mammalian fauna associated Mesoamerican Tropical Evergreen Forest (MTEF) are poorly understood, in spite wide distribution this kind habitat region. We compiled complete georeferenced database species distributed MTEF specimens museum collections scientific literature. This was used create potential maps through use environmental niche models (ENMs) by using Genetic Algorithm for Rule-Set Production (GARP) 22 climatic topographic layers. Each map as representation geographic all available were summed obtain general richness Also, construct presence-absence matrix grid squares 0.5 degrees side, analyzed Parsimony Analysis Endemicity (PAE), which resulted hypothesis biogeographic scheme total 41 527 records 233 mammals MTEF. maximum concentration (104-138 species) located areas around Isthmus Tehuantepec, Northeastern Chiapas-Western Guatemala, Western Honduras, Central Nicaragua Northwestern Costa Rica Panama. proposed regionalization indicates faunas these forests composed two main groups divided Tehuantepec Oaxaca in: a) group includes Sierra Madre Chiapas-Guatemala Yucatan Peninsula; b) an austral group, contains Pacific slope Chiapas towards South including America. Some individual phylogenetic studies mammal region support between endemism proposed, suggest common history. In considered one most important hotspots biological conservation, poor knowledge patterns, scarcity protected areas, high rate transformation due human activities, make prioritary development conservation strategies include richness, endemism, associations.