Lung Cancer and Immune Dysfunction

摘要: Lung cancer accounts for more than 28% of all deaths each year, and is the leading cause cancer-related mortality in United States (1). Despite focused research conventional therapies, 5-year survival rate remains at 14%, has improved only minimally past 25 years. Newly discovered molecular mechanisms pathogenesis lung provide novel opportunities targeted therapies non-small-cell (NSCLC) (2,3). Immune-based have on elicitation specific tumor antigen-directed responses. Although various methods immune stimulation been attempted treatment cancer, none proven to be reliably effective (4). In contrast, immune-based successful melanoma renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (5,6),leading misconception that thoracic malignancies are nonimmunogenic not amenable immunologic interventions. However, protective immunity now known generated against non-immunogenic murine tumors (7,8). These studies suggest a tumor’s apparent lack immunogenicity indicates failure elicit an host response rather antigen (TA) expression (9,10). Accordingly, new paradigm emerged focuses generating antitumor responses by therapeutic vaccination (11,12). this setting, refers intervention unmasks TAs, generation host-immune tumor.