How Many Emotions Are There? Wedding the Social and the Autonomic Components

摘要: Fundamental in the field of emotions is question how many emotion there are or can be. The answer proposed here that number possible limites. As long as society differentiates new social situations, labels them, and socializes individuals to experience will continue emerge. But this view must be qualified by an understanding autonomic constraints limit variability emotions. It argued four psychologically grounded primary emotions: fear, anger, depression, satisfaction. They evolutionarily important, cross-culturally universal, ontogenetically early emerge, link empirically with important outcomes relations. Secondary emotions, such guilt, shame, pride, gratitude, love, nostalgia, ennui, so forth, acquired through socializing agents who define label while individual experiencing reactions one "primaries." Hence,...