Human Tetanus and Human Botulism

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter describes clinical and epidemiological features of human tetanus botulism, the paralytic diseases caused by these most poisonous poisons. Brief mention is made botulinum toxin's use as a therapeutic agent to produce muscle relaxation in variety situations. In contrast, at least one malevolent government known have recently mass-produced approximately 1,90,001 toxin, which 1,00,001 was incorporated into artillery shells SCUD missiles. Botulinum toxins share dubious distinction being substances known; potency toxin exceeded only toxin. Both exist simple bi-chain proteins, whose larger component contains cellular binding site smaller Zn2+-containing endoprotease. The enzymatic light chain cleaves three components “docking” or “fusion” complex synaptic vesicle fuses with terminal cell membrane releases its neurotransmitter. originate from eight clostridial neurotoxins remarkable similarities structure mechanism indicate common ancestral gene, yet principal manifestations two diseases—spastic paralysis for flaccid botulism—paradoxically represent polar opposites immobility.