Mycobacterium: General Characteristics, Laboratory Detection, and Staining Procedures*

摘要: This chapter deals with Mycobacterium the only genus in family Mycobacteriaceae and related to other mycolic acid-containing genera. The includes obligate pathogens, opportunistic saprophytes. Ben Salah et al. found clinical M. avium complex (MAC) isolates that appear represent three new species: marseillense, timonense, bouchedurhonense. Many different types of specimens may be collected for mycobacteriological analyses. A majority originate from respiratory tract (sputum, tracheal bronchial aspirates, bronchoalveolar lavage specimens), but urine, gastric tissues, biopsy specimens, normally sterile body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid pleural pericardial aspirates are commonly submitted specimens. disseminated mycobacterial infections due MAC. Appropriate pretreatment processing procedures (homogenization, decontamination, concentration, culture media, conditions incubation) must selected facilitate optimum recovery mycobacteria. With advent molecular techniques designed epidemiology, cross-contamination either linked laboratory or, more rarely, contaminated bronchoscopes can easily proven. Laboratory aspects addressed chapter. Quality control (QC) is vital monitoring a laboratory’s effectiveness detecting isolating Accurate identification nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) will prevent rarely encountered pathogens being mistaken nonpathogenic species.