MAP kinases and the control of nuclear events.

摘要: The mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are a family of serine/threonine that play an essential role in signal transduction by modulating gene transcription the nucleus response to changes cellular environment. They include extracellular signal-regulated (ERK1 and ERK2); c-Jun N-terminal (JNK1, JNK2, JNK3); p38s (p38alpha, p38beta, p38gamma, p38delta) ERK5. molecular events which MAPKs function can be separated discrete yet interrelated steps: activation MAPK their upstream kinases, subcellular localization MAPKs, recognition, binding phosphorylation downstream targets. resulting pattern expression will ultimately depend on integration combinatorial signals provided temporal each group MAPKs. This review focus how specificity transmission is achieved scaffolding molecules presence structural motifs dynamically regulated protein-protein interactions. We discuss also recognize phosphorylate target nuclear proteins, including factors, co-activators repressors chromatin-remodeling molecules, thereby affecting intricate balance regulatory control environmental cues.