Rainfall-induced release of microbes from manure: model development, parameter estimation, and uncertainty evaluation on small plots.

摘要: A series of simulated rainfall-runoff experiments with applications different manure types (cattle solid pats, poultry dry litter, swine slurry) was conducted across four seasons on a field containing 36 plots (0.75 × 2 m each), resulting in 144 events. Simulating time-varying release Escherichia coli , enterococci, and fecal coliforms from manures applied at typical agronomic rates evaluated the efficacy Bradford–Schijven model modified by adding terms for efficiency transportation loss. Two complementary, parallel approaches were used to calibrate estimate microbial parameters. The first four-step sequential procedure using inverse PEST, which provides appropriate initial parameter values. second utilized PEST/bootstrap average parameters plots, age, microbe, provide distributions. experiment determined that season had no clear relationship curve. Cattle pats released microbes different, slower rate than did litter or slurry, very similar patterns. These findings consistent other published results both bench- field-scale, suggesting can be manure.