Pharmacology of Neurotransmitter Release: Measuring Exocytosis

摘要: Neurotransmission in the nervous system is initiated at presynaptic terminals by fusion of synaptic vesicles with plasma membrane and subsequent exocytic release chemical transmitters. Currently, there are multiple methods to detect neurotransmitter from nerve terminals, each their own particular advantages disadvantages. For instance, most commonly employed monitor actions released substances on postsynaptic receptors or artificial substrates such as carbon fibers. These closest physiological setting because they have a rapid time resolution measure action endogenous neurotransmitters rather than signals emitted exogenous probes. However, only indirectly report form modified properties themselves, which often nonlinear detectors substances. Alternatively, can be detected biochemically, albeit scale slower electrophysiological methods. In addition, certain preparations, where accessible whole cell recording electrodes, monitored using capacitance measurements, last decade, addition biochemical methods, several fluorescence imaging modalities been introduced vesicle fusion, endocytosis, recycling. either take advantage styryl dyes that loaded into recycling expression proteins tagged pH-sensitive GFP variant regions facing lumen. this chapter, we will provide an overview these emphasis relative strengths weaknesses discuss types information one obtain them.