Genomic approach to studying nutritional requirements of Clostridium tyrobutyricum and other Clostridia causing late blowing defects

摘要: Clostridium tyrobutyricum is the main microorganism responsible for late blowing defect in hard and semi-hard cheeses, causing considerable economic losses to cheese industry. Deeper knowledge of metabolic requirements this can lead development more effective control approaches. In work, amino acids B vitamins essential sustaining growth C. tyrobutyricum were investigated using a genomic approach. As first step, genomes four strains analyzed presence genes putatively involved biosynthesis vitamins. Metabolic pathways could be reconstructed all with exception biotin (vitamin B7) folate B9). The pathway was missing enzyme amino-7-oxononanoate synthase that catalyzes condensation pimeloyl-ACP l-alanine 8-amino-7-oxononanoate. pathway, those coding para-aminobenzoate aminodeoxychorismate lyase enzymes. These enzymes are conversion chorismate into (PABA). Two C. tyrobutyircum whose genome silico as well other 10 isolated from tested liquid media confirm these observations. 11 showed defined medium containing PABA after 6–8 days incubation. No strain when only one or none compounds added, confirming observations obtained silico. Furthermore, analysis extended single species potentially blowing, namely beijerinckii, sporogenes butyricum. Only incomplete C. butyricum C. beijerincki. contrast, C. sporogenes several biotin, folate, cobalamin B12). agree results experiments reported literature. study suggest potential targets reducing highlight usefulness identifying nutrients bacteria.