Detailed analysis of dynamic evolution of three Active Regions at the photospheric level before flare and CME occurrence

摘要: Abstract We present a combined analysis of the applications weighted horizontal magnetic gradient (denoted as WG M in Korsos et al. (2015)) method and helicity tool (Berger Field, 1984) employed for three active regions (ARs), namely NOAA AR 11261, 11283 11429. analysed time series photospheric data from Solar Dynamics Observatory taken between August 2011 March 2012. During this period ARs produced flares (eight M- six X-class) coronal mass ejections (CMEs). 11261 had four M-class one them was accompanied by fast CME. similar activities with two X-class flares, but only slow Finally, 11429 most powerful it hosted five compact large solar flare CME eruptions. For applying we Debrecen sunspot catalogue, and, estimating at level used Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP’s) vector magnetograms SDO/HMI (Solar Observatory/Helioseismic Magnetic Imager). followed evolution components before occurrences. found unique mutually shared behaviour, called U-shaped pattern, distance component shearing flux This common pattern is associated decreasing-receding phases yet reported known to be necessary feature prior eruption(s) now same flux. result leads conclusions that (i) motion field may key driver eruption addition emerging process, (ii) decreasing-approaching another precursor indicator improving forecasting