Electro-mechanical delay in Hill-type muscle models

摘要: In this study, we investigated to which extent Hill-type muscle models can explain the electro-mechanical delay (EMD). The EMD is a phenomenon that has been well examined in experiments. time lag between change stimulation and subsequent measurable force. A variety of processes as, e.g., signal conduction interaction contractile elastic structures contribute EMD. relative contributions particular have not fully unveiled so far. Thereto, simulated isometric contractions using two models. Their parameters were extracted from experiments on cat soleus muscle. agreement with literature data, predicted values depend muscle-tendon complex (MTC) length increase when reducing MTC lengths. highest (28 27 ms) occur at lowest (78% optimal length). Above length, find saturation (2 one model. other model, slightly re-increases up 9 ms (113% by then compared found same extracted. At values, mapping ion release visco-elastic interactions, both (3.5 5.5 just partly account for measured value (15.8 ms). biggest share (about remaining 11 be attributed along nerve surface. Further potential sources delayed force generation are discussed.