Ketogenic diets in medical oncology: a systematic review with focus on clinical outcomes

摘要: Preclinical data provide evidence for synergism between ketogenic diets (KDs) and other oncological therapies. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize from clinical studies that have tested KDs along with treatments used within medical oncology. PubMed database searched using the key words "ketogenic" AND ("cancer" OR "glioblastoma"). A secondary search conducted by screening reference lists relevant articles on topic. Relevant were defined as in which complementary surgery, radio-, chemo-, or targeted therapy at least one following four outcomes reported: (i) Overall survival (OS); (ii) progression-free (PFS); (iii) local control rate; (iv) body composition changes. Twelve papers reporting 13 identified. Nine prospective six had a group, but only two randomized. KD prescription varied widely described rudimentarily most papers. Adverse events attributed diet rare minor (grade 1-2) except possibly diet-related grade 4 event. Studies changes found beneficial effects both overweight frail patient populations. Beneficial OS and/or PFS including randomized controlled trial. high-grade glioma patients not sufficiently powered prove efficacy. Evidence during cancer is accumulating, more high-quality are needed assess overall strength evidence.