Taking the endochondral route to craniomaxillofacial bone regeneration: A logical approach?

摘要: The current golden standard for treatment of craniomaxillofacial critical size bone defects, autologous grafting, is associated with several disadvantages which have prompted an increased demand alternatives. New solutions are emerging in the form tissue engineering. This involves harvesting multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), after they can be differentiated towards osteogenic lineage mimicking intramembranous formation. However, translating this approach from laboratory to clinic has met limited success. Consequently, attention shifted investigation alternative endochondral route regeneration. At a first glance, may not appear logical maxillofacial regeneration as most bones face originate mechanisms. Therefore, goal review discuss sense and non-sense exploring novel reconstructive option defects. embryological origin structures their repair mechanisms introduced. Also, potential MSC-like cells, neural crest-derived stem sources, discussed focus on Further, status MSCs highlighted. Together, these aspects contribute answering whether restore