Cartilage immunoprivilege depends on donor source and lesion location

摘要: Abstract The ability to repair damaged cartilage is a major goal of musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Allogeneic (same species, different individual) or xenogeneic (different species) sources can provide an attractive source chondrocytes for engineering, since autologous cells are scarce. Immune rejection non-autologous hyaline articular has seldom been considered due the popular notion “cartilage immunoprivilege”. objective this study was determine suitability allogeneic and engineered neocartilage repair. To address this, scaffold-free syngeneic genetic background), allogeneic, origin were implanted into two locations rabbit knee ( n  = 3 per group/location). Xenogeneic control chondral explants provoked profound innate inflammatory adaptive cellular responses, regardless transplant location. Cytological quantification immune showed that, while elicited response in patella, negligible responses observed when trochlea; instead comparable microfracture-treated empty defect controls. survived within trochlea implant site demonstrated graft integration underlying bone. In conclusion, joint does not represent privileged site, strongly rejecting but location-dependent fashion. This difference survival may be associated with proximity synovium. Statement Significance Through series vivo studies research demonstrates that fully immunoprivileged. addition, we now show anatomical location defect, even same compartment, influences degree resultant response. one first investigations (1) tolerance (2) subsequent dependent on