Material Loads from the Jordan River

摘要: The Jordan River is a major source of water, solutes, and allochthonous particles to Lake Kinneret contributed by the river tributaries as well through leaching erosion soils leakage effluents. Those external nutrient loads impact ecosystem. current chapter presents processed time series material for 1971–2012 based on discharge measurements at “Pkak Bridge’’, located downstream all Hula Valley. Also presented are chemical analyses performed water samples collected same place. During early 1990s, sampling was gradually changed from being manual an automatic method, with overlap period 1991 1996 during which both methods were widely applied. Discrepancies between two sets parallel data obtained years analyzed, conclusions used produce single coherent corrected long-term record. Robust trend analysis revealed significant declines in nitrogen phosphorus compounds, suspended matter, while total ratio remained unchanged. also reflects wide range anthropogenic activities watershed, such increasing population effluents 1970s, peat area reclamation “Hula Project” since 1994, various watershed management actions implemented vigorously eliminate pollution sources watershed.