Delivery of Dry Powders to the Lungs: Influence of Particle Attributes from a Biological and Technological Point of View.

作者: Sarah Zellnitz , Eva Roblegg , Joana Pinto , Eleonore Fröhlich

DOI: 10.2174/1567201815666181024143249

关键词: AgglomerateInhalerDry-powder inhalerActive ingredientDissolutionChemical engineeringSolubilityParticleMaterials sciencePermeation

摘要: Dry powder inhalers are medical devices used to deliver formulations of active pharmaceutical ingredients via oral inhalation the lungs. Drug particles, from a biological perspective, should reach targeted site, dissolve and permeate through epithelial cell layer in order therapeutic effect. However, drug particle attributes that lead activity not always consistent with technical requirements necessary for formulation design. For example, small cohesive particles may interact neighbouring resulting large aggregates or even agglomerates show poor flowability, solubility permeability. To circumvent these hurdles, most dry currently on market carrier-based formulations. These comprise which blended larger carrier need detach again during inhalation. Apart blending process parameters, inhaler type patient's inspiratory force, detachment strongly depends characteristics such as size, shape, solid-state morphology well their interdependency. This review discusses critical characteristics. We consider size (1-5 µm lung), (crystalline guarantee stability versus amorphous improve dissolution), shape (spherical avoid macrophage clearance) surface (regular shaped smooth nano-rough surfaces improved detachment.) be considered development taking into account lung barrier.

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