Electrophoresis in strong electric fields.

摘要: Two kinds of non-linear electrophoresis (ef) that can be detected in strong electric fields (several hundred V/cm) are considered. The first ("classical" ef) is due to the interaction outer field with field-induced ionic charges double layer (EDL) under conditions, when variations electrolyte concentration remain small comparatively its equilibrium value. According Shilov theory, component electrophoretic velocity for dielectric particles proportional cubic power applied strength (cubic electrophoresis) and second radius; it independent zeta-potential but determined by surface conductivity particles. one, so-called "superfast electrophoresis" connected a secondary diffuse counterions (space charge) induced outside primary (classical) EDL external itself because polarization. Dukhin-Mishchuk theory predicts quadratic dependence unipolar (ionically or electronically) conducting on gradient linear particle's size fields. These sharp contrast laws classical (no V(ef) gradient). A new method measure ef developed based separation effects sedimentation using videoimaging flowcell use short pulses. To test "classical" electrophoresis, we have measured non-conducting polystyrene, aluminium-oxide (semiconductor) graphite as well Saccharomice cerevisiae yeast cells function strength, particle size, adsorbed polymer amount. It has been shown particles/cells increases linearly up about 100 200 V/cm (for cells) without polymers both pure water solutions. In line theoretical predictions, stronger substantial were recorded (V(ef)~E(3)). ion-type (ion-exchanger fibres), electron-type (magnesium Mg/Al alloy) semiconductor (graphite, activated carbon, pyrite, molybdenite) significantly (V(ef)~E(2)) almost strength. trends inconsistent Smoluchowski's equation particles, consistent superfast electrophoresis.