Biodiversity and the landscape ecology of agri-environment schemes.

作者: Erik Öckinger , Maj Rundlöf , Henrik Smith

DOI:

关键词: Spatial variabilityAgroforestryBiodiversitySpatial contextual awarenessSpecies richnessGeographyOrganic farmingAgricultureLandscape ecologyEcology (disciplines)

摘要: Loss of biodiversity in European farmland has been attributed to agricultural intensification and the resulting loss ecological heterogeneity. To alleviate effect intensification, farmers are compensated via agri-environment schemes for carrying out farming ways preserve restore biodiversity. However, effectiveness these questioned evaluations their have produced partly contrasting results. One aspect that received little attention is how spatial context configuration measures affect We evaluated consequences organic other on abundance diversity flower-visiting insects birds. demonstrate insect bird depends both landscape complexity proportion under schemes. discuss implications this formulation efficient (Less)

参考文章(50)
David Kleijn, Frank Berendse, Ruben Smit, Niels Gilissen, Agri-environment schemes do not effectively protect biodiversity in Dutch agricultural landscapes Nature. ,vol. 413, pp. 723- 725 ,(2001) , 10.1038/35099540
Ramon C. Littell, SAS System for Mixed Models ,(1996)
INDRA ROSCHEWITZ, DOREEN GABRIEL, TEJA TSCHARNTKE, CARSTEN THIES, The effects of landscape complexity on arable weed species diversity in organic and conventional farming Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 42, pp. 873- 882 ,(2005) , 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2005.01072.X
ANDREA HOLZSCHUH, INGOLF STEFFAN-DEWENTER, DAVID KLEIJN, TEJA TSCHARNTKE, Diversity of flower-visiting bees in cereal fields: effects of farming system, landscape composition and regional context Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 44, pp. 41- 49 ,(2006) , 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2006.01259.X
John R. Krebs, Jeremy D. Wilson, Richard B. Bradbury, Gavin M. Siriwardena, The second Silent Spring Nature. ,vol. 400, pp. 611- 612 ,(1999) , 10.1038/23127
Henrik G. Smith, Maj Rundlöf, Janne Bengtsson, Local and landscape effects of organic farming on butterfly species richness and abundance Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 45, pp. 813- 820 ,(2007) , 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2007.01448.X
M. RUNDLÖF, H. G. SMITH, The effect of organic farming on butterfly diversity depends on landscape context Journal of Applied Ecology. ,vol. 43, pp. 1121- 1127 ,(2006) , 10.1111/J.1365-2664.2006.01233.X
E.A. Stockdale, N.H. Lampkin, M. Hovi, R. Keatinge, E.K.M. Lennartsson, D.W. Macdonald, S. Padel, F.H. Tattersall, M.S. Wolfe, C.A. Watson, Agronomic and environmental implications of organic farming systems. Advances in Agronomy. ,vol. 70, pp. 261- 327 ,(2001) , 10.1016/S0065-2113(01)70007-7