Is prenatal tobacco exposure a risk factor for early adolescent smoking? A follow-up study.

摘要: Recent reports indicate a relation between prenatal tobacco exposure (PTE) and offspring smoking. Many of these have been retrospective or not included important variables such as other substance exposures, maternal child psycho-social characteristics, mother's current smoking, friends' No prior study has examined the timing PTE. In this prospective birth cohort 567 14-year-olds, we trimester-specific PTE, correlates adolescent Average age adolescents was 14.8 years (range: 13.9-16.6 years), 51% were female, 54% African-American. Data on use collected both prenatally postnatally, mothers smokers 53% smoked when their children 14 years. PTE in third trimester significantly predicted smoking (ever/never, level, onset) demographic substances analyses. remained significant predictor level psychological characteristics added to model. When more proximal measures child's model, including no longer significant. Significant predictors at female gender, Caucasian race, externalizing behavior, anxiety, depressive symptoms. Although direct effects behavior previously reported from by others, early-adolescence, association is after controlling for covariates peer