Histoplasmosis Outbreaks in Brazil: Lessons to Learn About Preventing Exposure

摘要: Histoplasmosis is considered the most common invasive opportunistic fungal disease in Americas, with outbreaks and micro-epidemics reported for over 80 years. In Brazil, this has been described since 1946, reaching a remarkable incidence population, especially during HIV–AIDS pandemic. study, published unpublished of histoplasmosis Brazil were revisited by accessing different database sources evaluating epidemiological clinical features. We have found reports spanning 1946–2017, across 10 Brazilian states involvement 370 humans 2 dogs, 13 disseminated cases 3 deaths reported. Rio de Janeiro had largest number (n = 20/40; 50%) study. The majority was caves (n = 21/40; 52.5%), followed abandoned/deactivated sites (n = 6/40; 15%), mines (n = 5/40; 12.5%), chicken coops (n = 4/40; 10%). serious health issue considering attractive growing market ecotourism throughout more than 7000 caves, all levels poultry farming activity are important to raise awareness about how dangerous neglected can be establish ways decrease exposure contaminated environmental through adequate preventive measures.