Planning for a 100% independent energy system based on smart energy storage for integration of renewables and CO2 emissions reduction

摘要: EU import dependence on hydrocarbons and resulting negative environmental impact related to their use led setting of new measures energy policy that will make, in time, a post carbon society more feasible achievable. Energy systems this be based four pillars: Renewable Energy, Buildings as Positive Power Plants, Storage Smart grids combination with Plug-in Vehicles. All these pillars must supported by the smart storage. The results previous research has shown order increase security, efficiency viability, there is need for storage, primary or secondary form, transfer surplus from period excess when lack. problem today’s storage they cost already expensive, distributed renewable sources. That makes large scale even less economically viable market circumstances, despite economics scale. paper shows an planning methodology applied several cases where system helps integration flows, transformations demand at location end-use close it. Main presented focus 100% independent Croatia. They also show role self-sustainable electricity production technical financial analyses have been carried out periods one year taking into consideration demands during all hours.