Prevalence and pattern of smoking in Pakistan.

摘要: OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and pattern of smoking amongst Pakistanis. SAMPLING DESIGN: A two stage stratified sample design was adopted for survey, Primary Sampling Units (PSU's) Secondary (SSU's). SETTING Urban Rural, Pakistan 1990-94. SUBJECTS Stratified systematic 9441 males females aged 15 years above. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Smokers were defined as, subjects who currently had smoked > or = 100 cigarettes/beedis chillum/huqqa in their life time. RESULTS In 21.6% (36% 9% females) smokers. urban areas it 20.7% rural 22.0%, predominant both areas. Proportion smokers used cigarette/beedi significantly higher (60%) while more (62%). Prevalence increased with age upto 64 years, after which declined but continued to rise age. Among females; illiterate, married individuals poor general health likely smoke. These factors 2 3 times 5 be than those literate, single good health. CONCLUSION Smoking prevalent persons