A behavior-manipulating virus relative as a source of adaptive genes for parasitoid wasps

摘要: Abstract To circumvent host immune response, numerous hymenopteran endo-parasitoid species produce virus-like structures in their reproductive apparatus that are injected into the together with eggs. These viral-like absolutely necessary for reproduction of these wasps. The viral evolutionary origin particles has been demonstrated only two cases and both, nature initial virus-wasp association remains unknown. This is either because no closely related descendant infects wasps, it not sampled yet, or virus lineage went extinct. In this paper, we provide strong evidence (VLPs) produced by endoparasitoids Drosophila belonging to genus Leptopilina (Hymenoptera Figitidae) have a origin, solving debate on origin. Furthermore, ancestral donor still close relatives infecting one wasp species, thus giving us insights ecological interaction possibly allowed domestication process. Intriguingly, contemporary both vertically horizontally transmitted particularity manipulate superparasitism behavior wasp. raises possibility manipulation instrumental birth such between wasps viruses.