Diurnal and circadian regulation of reward-related neurophysiology and behavior.

摘要: Abstract Here, we review work over the past two decades that has indicated drug reward is modulated by circadian system generates daily (i.e., 24 h) rhythms in physiology and behavior. Specifically, drug-self administration, psychomotor stimulant-induced conditioned place preference, locomotor sensitization vary widely across day various species. These drug-related behavioral are associated with rhythmic neural activity dopaminergic signaling mesocorticolimbic pathways, a tendency toward increased during species typical wake period. While mechanisms responsible for such cellular rhythmicity remain to be fully identified, clock genes expressed these brain areas can function locally modulate both neurotransmission drug-associated In addition, endocrine inputs contribute reward-related rhythms, medial prefrontal cortex playing pivotal role. Acute or chronic administration of drugs abuse also alter gene expression regions. Emerging evidence suggests craving humans under diurnal regulation may influenced polymorphisms. latter findings, particular, indicate development therapeutic strategies influence on prove beneficial treatment substance disorders.