Human-wildlife conflicts and their correlates in Narok County, Kenya

摘要: Abstract Human-wildlife conflicts (HWC) are often caused by human population increase, high livestock and wildlife densities changing land use climate. These typically most intense in human-dominated systems where people, share the same landscapes during severe droughts. Consequently, HWC common developing countries still roam outside protected areas, such as parts of Africa. We analyze how vary across multiple species, seasons, years, regions to quantify their extent, causes consequences using data collected Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) Narok County 2001–2017. species contributed differentially that only six plus non-human primates 90% all conflict incidents ( n  = 13,848) 17-year period. Specifically, elephant (46.2%), buffalo (10.6%), Burchell's zebra (7.6%), leopard (7.3%), spotted hyena (5.8%) lion (3.3%), collectively 80.8%, whereas 11.7% conflicts. The three types were crop raiding (50.0%), attacks on humans (27.3%) depredation (17.6%). Crop was acute cereals (wheat maize) grown large scales. Carnivores more likely attack with body sizes comparable own. Thus, (44.0%,  = 3,368) (37.9%,  = 2,903) killed sheep goats (63.1%,  = 531) hyenas (14.5%,  = 122) cattle. showed evident seasonal inter-annual fluctuations, reflecting underlying rainfall variation. Accordingly, highest 2008–2009 when lowest County. Similarly, peaked late wet season crops mature higher natural prey density is lowest. Land conversion agriculture increase numbers positively associated HWC. Effective strategies for reducing should be multi-faceted integrate variation intensity type between regions, seasons years. Such discourage habitat but encourage regulating density. Further, they promote zoning minimize contacts wildlife; effective herding methods predator-proof corrals fencing farms at greater risk destruction.