The cardiovascular effects of salidroside in the Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rat model.

摘要: INTRODUCTIONMany factors, including hyperglycemia, hypertension,obesity, dyslipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle, contribute to thehigh prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The AmericanHeart Association (AHA) considers diabetes mellitus andmetabolic syndrome major risk factors for CVD (1).Endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with decreasednitric oxide (NO) bioavailability impaired vasodilation, isone the earliest stages events in diabetes.Impaired vasodilation has been noted animal models ofhyperglycemia (2, 3), as well clinical studiesfor both type 1 2 patients (4, 5). It also beendemonstrated that endothelial dysfunction plays an important rolein association hypertension (6).Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats are unique non-obese rat modelof polygenic were developed by selectiveinbreeding glucose-intolerant Wistar (7). GK arecharacterized disturbed glucose-stimulated insulin release (8,9) islet blood flow (10), defective intracellular glucosemetabolism (11), resistance (12), hyperinsulinemia(8, 10). They manifest stable pathological features resemblehuman diabetes, hypertension,and (13). However, leandiabetes model, whereas most (but not all) 2diabetes overweight.Salidroside (p-hydroxyphenethyl-β-D-glucoside) theprimaryactive component Rhodiola rosea. This plant beenused hundreds years traditional medicine differenttherapeutic purposes (14). Salidroside was found have neuro-,cardio-, hepato-protective activity andRodiola roseaextracts tested humans toimprove mental performance combat depression (14).Salidroside might beneficial effects on vascularfunctions. vitro ef fects salidrosideinclude cardio-protection (15) protection cellsagainst hypoxia(16).In studies, salidroside stimulates glucose uptake inskeletal muscle cells activating phosphorylation AMP-activated protein kinase (17). These findings suggest possibilityof its potential therapeutic application antidiabetic therapy.However, studies regarding