Activated Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Ovarian Cancer

摘要: Growth factor receptors direct numerous cellular functions and behavior including cell proliferation survival, apoptosis, differentiation, migration. The receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family of growth includes the epidermal (EGF) subfamily (also known as ErbB or type I RTKs). four proteins: ErbB-1 (EGF receptor), ErbB2, ErbB3, ErbB4. These structurally related, single membrane spanning consist an extracellular ligand-binding domain, a transmembrane juxtamembrane catalytic C-terminal tail containing multiple residues (Fig. 10.1). Ligand binding promotes EGF homoand heterodimerization with members, activation intracellular phosphorylation specific cytoplasmic domain. This leads to assembly signaling complexes stimulation downstream cascades associated increased angiogenesis, metastasis in tumors. Numerous ligands interact family. EGF, transforming factor-a (TGF-a), amphiregulin only bind receptor. heparin-binding EGF-like (HBEGF), betacellulin, epiregulin, epigen both are synthesized membrane-bound precursors then cleaved release mature form ligand. can activate on origin, nearby cells, cells at more distant sites after systemic distribution. In some instances, by precursor (membrane-bound ligand) may occur consequence