Gravity Flow on Steep Slope

摘要: Introduction Particle-laden, gravity-driven flows occur in a large variety of natural and industrial situations. Typical examples include turbidity currents, volcanic eruptions, sand-storms (see Simpson 1997 for review). On mountain slopes, debris snow avalanches provide particular instances vigorous dense flows, which have special features that make them different from usual gravity currents. Those the following: They belong to class non-Boussinesq since density difference between ambient fluid flow is usually very large, whereas most currents are generated by few percent. Whereas many driven pressure gradient buoyancy forces, dynamics on slope controlled balance gravitational acceleration dissipation forces. Understanding rheological behavior particle suspensions often paramount importance when studying steep slope. This chapter reviews some essential flows. Since these major threat human activities areas, they been studied late 19th century. In spite huge amount work done collecting field data developing flow-dynamics models, there remain great challenges understanding and, ultimately, predicting their occurrence behavior. Indeed, involve number complications such as abrupt surge fronts, varying free basal surfaces, structure changes with position time.