Psychosocial developmental theory in relation to anxiety and its disorders.

摘要: We must advance beyond the simple ‘stimulus charting’ of fears in youth if we are to truly understand their significance development and long-term impact on adjustment Ollendick, King & Frary, 1989, p. 26 Introduction Epidemiological clinical studies have indicated that prevalence different anxiety disorders is related age, average age-at-intake age-at-onset also differ for various disorders. At same time, however, virtually any disorder may occur age cohort. This chapter addresses question whether differences both between within cohorts be explained terms general theories psycho-social development. The following pattern was observed nonphobic (Kashani Orvaschel, 1990; Last et al., 1987; Westenberg 1999; see American Psychiatric Association (APA), 1987, 1994): (a) separation (SAD) occurs most frequently childhood, (b) overanxious (OAD) ismost characteristic adolescence (c) panic (PD) appears frequent late (young) adulthood. Yet, SAD adolescence, PD even childhood (Ollendick, 1998). DSM-IV no longer includes OAD, merged this classification with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD; APA, 1994). However, core criteria features OAD highly similar those children GAD (see Tracey al. (1997) ‘DSM–IV identifying sample as DSM–III–R criteria’ (p. 409).