The density of the atmosphere in the E-region of the ionosphere

摘要: Abstract Estimates of the density atmosphere in E-region ionosphere using a variety techniques range over factor about 30. Current models likewise give values ranging six, and it is interest therefore to compare various estimates assess their reliability. The methods considered are direct or pressure measurements by gauges mass spectrometers carried rockets, measurement X-ray fluxes, diffusion artificial sodium clouds meteor trails, densities deduced from electron collision frequencies, an estimate ion frequency sporadic study. evidence suggests that latest gauge results likely be most reliable these, but study points need for special low orbiting satellite measure this important parameter E-region.