Maternal smoking during pregnancy as an environmental risk factor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder behaviour. A review.

摘要: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood psychiatric which affects between 3% and 5% of school aged children. Despite much research, little known regarding the aetiology disorder. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy has been linked to number negative effects in offspring infancy, even into adulthood proposed as possible risk factor for ADHD. The aim this review was discuss evidence associating maternal ADHD well methodological issues concerning association. A literature search using PubMed employed relevant keywords. reference sections articles found were also searched. All English language studies published before June 2005 assessed. pooled odds ratio derived from case-control obtained. limitations, majority identify behaviours. indicates more than two-fold increase diagnosis those individuals whose mothers smoked (odds 2.39, 95% confidence intervals 1.61, 3.52 P<0.001). behaviour diagnoses, although mechanisms through such risks work unknown.