RETRACTED: Modeling the causal relationship between energy and growth factors: Journey towards sustainable development

摘要: The objective of the study was to find direction causality between energy consumption and six broad categories growth factors i.e., trade factors, education indicators, measures, environmental health variables population in Pakistan over a period 1975–2010. For this purpose, cointegration Granger tests have been applied. In study, are explicitly included model. result shows that services, FDI exports significant positive contribution increases Pakistan, however, intensity relationship with is different nature, as around 2.049 percent consumption, if there one increase exports. Imports, on other hand, negative Pakistan. impact indicators (i.e., expenditure, primary & secondary school enrollment literacy rate) positive, which confirms has strategic role improving efficiency. Sectoral agriculture, industry, manufacturing, services sector economic growth) As, agriculture industry value added serves an engine energy, hence, modernizes, demand increases. Carbon dioxide emission natural resource depletion both arable land decreases 1.743 percent. care life expectancy mortality) for energy. Energy progress seen factor supply explains expenditures. Population growth, urban population, rural unemployment labor force) association results indicates unidirectional running towards imports) but not vice versa. found cause imports, means any reductions conservation polices would reduce imports lessen benefits trade. Similarly, enrollment); manufacturing added); carbon emissions); measures population) versa, remaining sub-variables independent nature no overall concludes macroeconomic way around.