Adapting brain metabolism to myelination and long-range signal transduction.

摘要: In the mammalian brain, subcortical white matter comprises long-range axonal projections and their associated glial cells. Here, astrocytes oligodendrocytes serve specific functions during development throughout adult life, when they meet metabolic needs of long fiber tracts. Within a short period time, generate large amount lipids, such as cholesterol, membrane proteins for building myelin sheaths. After myelination has been completed, remaining function metabolism is energetic support transport impulse propagation. Astrocytes can energy under low glucose conditions by degradation stored glycogen. Recently it recognized that ability glycolytic to deliver pyruvate lactate critical in vivo. this review, we discuss demands potential routes metabolites between cells myelinated axons. As examples, four are highlighted (cholesterol, glycogen, lactate, N-acetyl-aspartate) contribute glia. Regulatory processes discussed could be involved coordinating adaptations providing feedback information about states. © GLIA 2014;62:1749–1761