Mathematical models in percutaneous absorption

摘要: A number of mathematical models have been used to describe percutaneous absorption kinetics. In general, most these either diffusion-based or compartmental equations. The object any model is a) be able represent the processes associated with accurately, b) describe/summarize experimental data parametric equations moments, and c) predict kinetics under varying conditions. However, in describing involved, some developed often suffer from being too complex a form practically useful. this chapter, we attempt approach issue modeling four perspectives. These are simple practical models, provide an overview more summarize important/useful date, d) examine sonic applications models. range involved considered developing chapter shown Fig. 1. We initially address vitro skin diffusion consider constant donor concentration receptor conditions, corresponding flux, donor, skin, amount-time profiles for solutions, amount- flux-time when phase removed. More issues, such as finite-volume phase, presence efflux. rate at membrane-receptor interphase, two-layer diffusion, then considered. look specific issues concerned release topical products, use alternatives concentration-dependent absorption, metabolism, e) role solute-skin-vehicle interactions, f) effects vehicle loss, shunt transport, h) vivo compartmental, physiological, deconvolution conclude by examining topics deep tissue penetration, pharmacodynamics, iontophoresis, sonophoresis, pitfalls modeling.