Pharmaceutical and personal care product residues in a macrophyte pond-constructed wetland treating wastewater from a university campus: Presence, removal and ecological risk assessment

摘要: Abstract Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) constitute a group of chemicals concern because their potential toxicity when reaching aquatic environments. Wastewaters are one the main pathways introduction into environment chemical compounds used in PPCPs because, most cases, wastewater treatment facilities not 100% efficient removal. This problem is accentuated rural zones isolated communities where conventional systems too expensive to build operate. Waste-stabilization ponds constructed wetlands (CWs) natural which improve quality sewage from small low cost easy maintenance. There growing interest combining two technologies make more robust system, taking account respective strengths weaknesses. In this work, combined macrophyte pond-CW system was evaluated for presence at three sampling points (influent, pond effluent CW effluent) fifteen steroid hormones six benzotriazole ultraviolet stabilizers (BUVSs). None targeted BUVS were detected either influent or effluent, probably particular characteristics population served by system. contrast, eight different hormone concentrations ranging 17.3 247.7 ng·L−1 samples 8.1 22.1 ng·L−1 final samples. The showed high elimination rates residues with average removal efficiencies over 77%. efficacy confirmed ecological risk assessment evaluation that performed. Final effluents associated contrast medium-high risks found